Lithium batteries are a general term for a type of chemical power source that uses metallic lithium or lithium-containing materials as the negative electrode. Because the standard electrode potential of lithium is relatively negative, and the capacity is high. Compared with conventional batteries, it has the characteristics of high voltage, repeated discharge, no memory effect, no pollution, and wide working environment.

At the same time, as the country vigorously promotes energy conservation and environmental protection, the application of lithium batteries in the market is very extensive. At present, many lead-acid batteries have been replaced. I believe that many of my friends have used lithium batteries, so what are the classifications and applications of lithium batteries? The editor of Hebei Xin Power is here to give you some popular science.

The classification and application of batteries, such as the current market prospects of lithium batteries for electric vehicles are very optimistic: the batteries mentioned here are mainly primary batteries and secondary batteries. The primary battery is a one-time application battery, and the secondary battery is a battery that can be used repeatedly, so the term “secondary” here actually means multiple times. Secondary batteries are also called rechargeable batteries or accumulators. Unless otherwise specified, the batteries mentioned below mostly refer to secondary batteries.

Classification of secondary batteries: Here we mainly list several batteries, such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lithium-ion batteries.

For secondary batteries, there are many performance parameters, mainly the following 4 indicators:

① Working voltage: the platform voltage on the battery discharge curve.

② Battery capacity: Commonly used units are ampere hour (Ah) and milliampere hour (mAh).

③ Working temperature zone: the temperature range where the battery is discharged normally.

④ Cycle life: the number of times of charging and discharging the battery works normally.

The performance of the secondary battery can be represented by battery characteristic curves, which include charge curve, discharge curve, charge and discharge cycle curve, temperature curve, and storage curve. The safety of the secondary battery can be evaluated by a specific safety inspection method.

Secondly, the specifications of lithium batteries are mainly based on 18650 lithium batteries. The repetitive use of secondary batteries conforms to the principle of economy and practicality. This is the greatest advantage of secondary batteries. Naturally, secondary batteries are most favored by people. As for the types of secondary batteries, as far as the mainstream products on the market are concerned, there are 4 types of batteries, namely lead-acid (LA) batteries, nickel-cadmium (NiCd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries and lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. The chemical power source is mainly composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte.

When the secondary battery is working, the reactions of the positive and negative electrodes are reversible. Therefore, after the secondary battery is used, it can be charged with a charger to restore the active materials of the two electrodes of the battery to the original state, so that the battery has a reversible effect. The energy of the discharge. An important feature of secondary batteries is repeated charging and discharging.

When the secondary battery is charged, the electrical energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the polymer lithium battery, accompanied by an exothermic process. When the secondary battery is working, the chemical energy is converted into electrical energy to realize the power supply to the load, accompanied by the heat absorption process. Although the battery reaction always involves heat transfer, the heat change is often omitted in the actual battery reaction formula, because the change in the material composition is concerned during the charging and discharging process of the secondary battery.